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Toward sustainable intensification of agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa

Andreas BUERKERT, Eva SCHLECHT

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第7卷第4期页码 401-405 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020341

摘要：

Across the African continent efforts to intensify agriculture have been limited to specific commodities, locations or particular production schemes. The causes for the widespread failure to overcome low land and labor productivity while maintaining ecosystem services have often be analyzed but remain poorly understood. A social-ecological system approach may help to better understand the complex nature of ecological disadvantages, postcolonial structures, limited connect between producers and consumer markets, low off-farm livelihood opportunities, partial underpopulation and lacking experience with the concept of sustainable production as a major impediment for sustainable intensification of the agricultural sector. Nevertheless, recent success stories in agro-pastoral systems as well as urban vegetable and animal production and associated value chains in West Africa, and in intensive mixed-cropping systems of the Great Lakes Region show the potential of stakeholder-driven agricultural intensification. Proper interpretation of these cases may provide lessons for a more widespread eco-intensification of smallholder agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa.

关键词： colonial heritage land use marketing property rights subsistence agriculture urbanization value chains

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Conservation and adaptive reuse of industrial heritage in Shanghai

ZHANG Song

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第4期页码 481-490 doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0065-4

摘要： This paper takes a retrospective review of the evolution of the conservation of industrial heritage in urban Shanghai since the 1990s within the context of the international industrial heritage conservation movement, with the emph

关键词： evolution industrial international industrial retrospective Shanghai

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Creating technical heritage object replicas in a virtual environment

Olga EGOROVA,Dmitry SHCHERBININ

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第11卷第1期页码 108-115 doi: 10.1007/s11465-016-0363-4

摘要：

The paper presents innovative informatics methods for creating virtual technical heritage replicas, which are of significant scientific and practical importance not only to researchers but to the public in general. By performing 3D modeling and animation of aircrafts, spaceships, architectural-engineering buildings, and other technical objects, the process of learning is achieved while promoting the preservation of the replicas for future generations. Modern approaches based on the wide usage of computer technologies attract a greater number of young people to explore the history of science and technology and renew their interest in the field of mechanical engineering.

关键词： 3D document history of science and technology technical knowledge popularization virtual environment replica mechanism and machine science (MMS)

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“中国南方喀斯特”的世界自然遗产价值对比分析

熊康宁,肖时珍,刘子琦,陈品冬

《中国工程科学》 2008年第10卷第4期页码 17-28

摘要：

从地质地貌特征与演化历史方面，结合世界遗产第viii条评价标准，将“中国南方喀斯特”第一批三个遗产地置于全球视角进行对比研究，揭示其全球显著价值：云南石林形成演化历史最复杂，石柱的形态最丰富，代表一种独特的石林形成演化机制；荔波锥状喀斯特锥峰单体最典型，地貌组合形态最丰富，代表典型的锥状喀斯特地貌特征，反映出大陆热带—亚热带锥状喀斯特的地质演化模式与过程；武隆峡谷喀斯特完整地展示了整个峡谷喀斯特发育演化系统，例证了正在进行的新构造运动背景下峡谷喀斯特系统的演化过程。因此，第一批遗产地代表中国南方喀斯特地区自古生代以来长期、多期演化历史；代表地球热带 —亚热带典型的锥状、石林和峡谷喀斯特地貌特征、形成演化机制及正在进行的地质过程；代表地球三大喀斯特片区之最大片区的独特的自然地理特征。

关键词：世界遗产对比研究中国南方喀斯特

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深空安全研究现状与未来发展

吴克,张哲,杨文飞,何建峰,张天柱,简抗抗,吴伟仁

《中国工程科学》 2022年第24卷第4期页码 240-248 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.04.023

摘要： Handbook of space engineering, archaeology, and heritage [M]. Boca Raton : CRC Press , 2009 .Handbook of space engineering, archaeology, and heritage [M]. Boca Raton : CRC Press , 2009 .Space heritage protection [M]. New York : Springer , 2019 .">40]；还有可能会污染行星大气，产生不可预测的严重后果。Preserving exploration heritage in the Moon 2 . 0 era [EBOL]. 2008-12-15 ‍[ 2022-05-05 ].

关键词：深空安全空间辐射威胁行星保护太空遗产保护空间立法

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Marble epistyles under shear: an experimental study of the role of “Relieving Space”

E. D. PASIOU, I. STAVRAKAS, D. TRIANTIS, S. K. KOURKOULIS

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第4期页码 767-786 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0515-9

摘要： The mechanical response of mutually interconnected epistyles is studied experimentally. The specimens are made of two marble blocks connected to each other with an “I”-shaped titanium connector placed in grooves sculptured on the blocks and covered with cementitious material. The specific way of connecting epistyles simulates the one used by scientists restoring the ancient “connections” of the epistyles of the Parthenon Temple. This “connection,” although designed to sustain mainly tensile loading, undertakes, also, shear load, in case of excitations imposing to the epistyles displacements normal to the connector’s axis. Attention is focused to enlighten the role of a novel design technique aiming to relieve the stress field around the connector. According to this technique, part of the connector’s web is left uncovered, forming the so-called “ ,” assisting the unconstrained deformation of the connector. Both traditional and innovative sensing techniques were employed in an effort to obtain data from the interior of the three-material-complex (marble-cementitious material-titanium). Analysis of the data indicated that the “Relieving Space” reduces the overall stiffness of the system, protecting marble in case of over-loading. Moreover, it was concluded that the innovative techniques employed provide pre-failure indicators well in advance of the catastrophic failure of the specimens.

关键词： monuments of cultural heritage marble epistyles pressure stimulated currents acoustic emission digital image correlation

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煤炭资源型城市矿山遗址旅游开发潜力测度与开发模式选择

汪秋菊,周佳丽,彭苏萍

《中国工程科学》 2020年第22卷第6期页码 158-166 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2020.06.021

摘要：

旅游开发是关闭煤矿经济转型的重要渠道之一，煤炭资源型城市矿山遗址旅游开发的适宜性与开发模式取决于其所具有的旅游开发潜力，测度矿山遗址旅游开发潜力、识别开发类型已成为旅游开发领域亟待研究的课题。本文从矿山旅游资源、矿山开发条件、城市开发环境 3 个维度着手，构建了矿山遗址旅游开发潜力测度模型，完成了我国煤炭资源型城市矿山遗址的旅游开发潜力实证研究。结果表明：煤炭资源型城市矿山遗址的旅游开发潜力存在明显的差异性，综合潜力排名前十位的城市为：徐州、邯郸、枣庄、邢台、焦作、张家口、大同、淮南、平顶山、抚顺；开发潜力空间格局呈现“两核、三中心”集聚特征。为此建议，煤炭资源型城市应根据资源价值、开发潜力及其空间格局的不同，选择相应的开发模式；适时编制矿山遗址旅游开发规划，探索构建“政府主导、多方合作”的矿山遗址旅游开发新机制，支持矿山遗址向旅游功能的转型升级。

关键词：煤炭资源型城市工业遗产旅游开发潜力测度开发模式